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- Each of the two kidneys, which are
- located in the back of the abdominal cavity,
- has two layers: the cortex and the medulla.
- Each kidney is made up of masses of individual
- excretory units, the nephrons. A nephron
- consists of a Bowman's capsule, a
- proximal convoluted tubule, and a distal
- convoluted tubule, all three of which are
- located in the renal cortex. The two convoluted
- tubules are connected by the loop of Henle,
- which lies in the renal medulla. Distal
- convoluted tubules empty into collecting
- tubules, which also lie in the medulla and
- which empty into the kidney's central cavity,
- the pelvis.
- Blood capillaries and nephrons are
- intimately associated. Blood enters through
- the median depression of the kidney via the
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-